Tajikistan National Library

Overview

Nestled in the vibrant heart of Dushanbe, Tajikistan, stands the magnificent National Library of Tajikistan, a modern architectural marvel and a profound symbol of the nation's rich cultural heritage. Inaugurated on March 20, 2012, this grand institution serves as the country's principal repository of knowledge and a bustling cultural and scientific hub. Its striking design, resembling an open book, immediately conveys its purpose: a gateway to wisdom and learning.

Spanning an impressive 45,000 square meters, the nine-story structure measures 167 meters in length and 52 meters in height, proudly holding the distinction of being the largest library in Central Asia. Beyond its imposing facade, the library houses an extensive collection of over six million items, including books, periodicals, rare manuscripts, and modern electronic materials. It offers a comprehensive environment for study and research with numerous reading rooms, typically ranging from 25 to 40, alongside multiple exhibition and conference halls. The library is equipped with state-of-the-art technology, featuring electronic catalogs and digital libraries, providing modern access to its vast resources.

History & Cultural Background

The roots of the National Library of Tajikistan trace back to January 1, 1933, when it was established as a city library in Stalinabad, the former name of Dushanbe. Just a year later, in 1934, it was named after the revered classical Persian poet, Abulqosim Ferdowsi, honoring his immense literary legacy. The library gained its national status in 1993, solidifying its role as a key institution for the preservation of Tajikistan's cultural heritage.

A pivotal moment in its history was the commissioning of the new building by President Emomali Rahmon in 2007. Its official opening on March 20, 2012, marked a new era for the library, transforming it into a modern cultural landmark. The library embodies a deep cultural significance for the Tajik people, reflecting their national pride and commitment to intellectual advancement. It meticulously collects and safeguards the written monuments of the Tajik nation, including invaluable scientific and literary manuscripts that date back thousands of years. Its collections proudly feature the works of eminent Persian and Tajik literary figures, such as Rudaki, Ferdowsi, Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Omar Khayyam, Rumi, Jami, and Sadriddin Aini, underscoring its role as a guardian of a rich literary tradition.

What Makes It Special

What truly sets the National Library of Tajikistan apart is its magnificent architectural design, conceived in the shape of an open book, a powerful and universally recognized symbol of knowledge and learning. This monumental edifice, with its grand and symmetrical entrance, is adorned with 22 busts of famous Tajik historical figures, scientists, and writers, serving as a testament to the nation's intellectual lineage. Inside, the library boasts an unparalleled scale for the region, offering the capacity to store up to ten million books across its numerous stack rooms, making it the largest in Central Asia.

Its specialized Department of Oriental Manuscripts, founded in 1934, holds a rare treasury of over 2,200 items from the 13th to 19th centuries, written in Persian, Arabic, and Turkic languages. These invaluable documents cover a diverse range of subjects including history, religion, literature, and philosophy, preserving ancient wisdom for future generations. The library also embraces modern advancements, providing automated workstations, electronic catalogs, and a digital library, ensuring that readers have access to the latest information and communication technologies in a comfortable, microclimate-controlled environment.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

Before the grand opening of the new building, a heartwarming public initiative took place across Tajikistan. A massive book collection drive was organized, with government organizations, the public, and private institutions contributing over three million books to enrich the library's collection. This collective effort truly made the library a treasure trove for the nation.

Such is its iconic status that the National Library is featured on the Tajik 200 somoni banknote, symbolizing its profound importance to the country. The laying of the foundation stone for the new building on September 4, 2007, led President Emomali Rahmon to declare September 4th as 'Day of the Book' in Tajikistan, further highlighting the nation's reverence for literature and knowledge. The original Ferdowsi Library building now serves a new purpose as a children's library, continuing its legacy of fostering literacy. The library also features collections in multiple languages including Tajik, Russian, Persian, and English, reflecting Tajikistan's diverse cultural connections.

Visitor Perspective

For visitors, the National Library of Tajikistan is more than just a place for books; it is an experience. Many describe the building as grand, monumental, and awe-inspiring, feeling more like a palace or museum than a typical library. While primarily a hub for students and researchers, its doors are open to curious travelers. Some visitors have shared experiences of being assigned tour guides, sometimes for a nominal fee, who provide fascinating insights into the library's history and functions.

Exploring the various sections, such as the Iranian literature room, the children's library, or the braille book collection, offers a comprehensive glimpse into its vast offerings. The presence of modern technology and comfortable reading spaces ensures a conducive environment for learning and discovery. While free access is granted to Tajik citizens with a passport, international visitors should inquire about specific entry requirements or tour availability upon arrival to fully appreciate this remarkable institution.