Römerberg

Overview

Stepping into Römerberg in Frankfurt, Germany, is like traveling back in time to the heart of the city's medieval past. This historic central square, nestled within the Altstadt (Old Town), is Frankfurt's most iconic and picturesque public space. Dominated by the impressive Römer city hall, a striking complex of three stepped-gable houses, and surrounded by beautifully reconstructed half-timbered buildings, Römerberg exudes an undeniable charm.

It serves as a vibrant gathering place, where history whispers from every cobblestone and façade. At its center stands the Fountain of Justice, adding to the square's unique character. Römerberg is not merely a collection of old buildings; it is the enduring soul of Frankfurt, a place where centuries of German history, culture, and daily life have unfolded.

History & Cultural Background

Römerberg's history stretches back over a thousand years, making it the heart of Frankfurt's public life since as early as the 9th century. Its German name, 'Römerberg', translates to 'Roman Mountain', though ironically, the square has little to do with the Romans. The square rose to prominence as a vital hub for trade fairs, festivals, and knightly tournaments. For centuries, it was the esteemed location for imperial coronations, particularly for the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire. The Römer itself, purchased by the city council in 1405, has proudly served as the city hall for over 600 years.

In the 16th century, Römerberg was widely regarded as the most beautiful square in the Holy Roman Empire. However, its rich history also bears the scars of conflict. In March 1944, Allied bombing during World War II tragically obliterated the entire old town district, including Römerberg. What stands today is a testament to resilience: a faithful and meticulous reconstruction, undertaken between the 1950s and 1980s, that painstakingly recreated the square's historic appearance based on original drawings.

What Makes It Special

What truly sets Römerberg apart is its remarkable architectural ensemble and its enduring role as a cultural focal point. The Römer, with its distinctive Gothic stepped gables, is not just a city hall but a symbol of Frankfurt's long governmental tradition. Inside, the Kaisersaal, or Emperor's Hall, features portraits of 52 Holy Roman Emperors, offering a tangible link to a grand imperial past.

The eastern side of the square, known as the Ostzeile, features a picturesque row of six half-timbered houses, each individually named. These buildings, though rebuilt, capture the essence of medieval German architecture, with their steep roofs and decorative façades. The Gerechtigkeitsbrunnen, or Fountain of Justice, from 1543, is another standout. Its statue of Justitia holds scales and a sword, notably without a blindfold, a detail that often sparks curiosity.

Römerberg stands in stark yet harmonious contrast to Frankfurt's modern skyline, offering a serene glimpse into a bygone era amidst a bustling financial metropolis. It remains a vibrant space for city celebrations, notably hosting one of Germany's oldest and largest Christmas markets, which draws millions of visitors annually.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

• The Unblindfolded Justitia: The statue of Justitia on the Fountain of Justice is famously depicted without a blindfold, symbolizing Frankfurt's historical role as a city of open justice.
• Flowing Wine: Legend has it that during imperial coronation festivities, the Fountain of Justice would flow with wine instead of water, allowing the gathered crowds to partake in the celebrations.
• A Phoenix from the Ashes: The old town's destruction during WWII was extensive, yet its reconstruction reflects a powerful spirit of renewal. The mosaic of a phoenix on the façade of the Salzhaus, part of the Römer complex, beautifully symbolizes Frankfurt's rebirth.
• Site of Historical Significance: In a darker chapter, Römerberg was also the location of a Nazi book burning in 1933, a solemn reminder of historical events that shaped the 20th century.

Visitor Perspective

For visitors, Römerberg is often the starting point for exploring Frankfurt's rich history. The square is free and open to the public 24/7, inviting leisurely strolls through its charming surroundings. Early mornings are often recommended for capturing stunning photographs and enjoying the atmosphere with fewer crowds.

From Römerberg, many other significant sites are just a short walk away. These include the historic Old St. Nicholas Church (Alte Nikolaikirche), the Frankfurt Cathedral (Kaiserdom St. Bartholomäus), and the Historical Museum Frankfurt. The picturesque Eiserner Steg (Iron Footbridge) and the Main River promenade are also easily accessible, offering further opportunities to explore the city's beauty. Public transportation is highly recommended for reaching Römerberg, with the 'Dom/Römer' station conveniently located nearby. Comfortable walking shoes are a must to navigate the charming cobblestone streets and fully immerse yourself in this timeless corner of Frankfurt.