Lokrum Island

Overview

Just a short ferry ride from the historic city of Dubrovnik, Croatia, lies the enchanting Lokrum Island, a verdant oasis steeped in history and natural beauty. This uninhabited island serves as a nature reserve, offering a tranquil escape from the bustling mainland. Visitors are drawn to its lush botanical gardens, the ruins of an ancient Benedictine monastery, and a unique saltwater lake known as the 'Dead Sea'. Lokrum's distinctive charm comes from its blend of historical intrigue, diverse flora and fauna, and intriguing legends, making it a captivating destination for curious travelers seeking both relaxation and discovery.

History & Cultural Background

Lokrum's recorded history dates back to 1023, with the founding of a Benedictine abbey and monastery. The Benedictine monks lived on the island for centuries, cultivating the land and establishing a tradition of growing exotic plants. Their presence was significant, and they managed the island as a spiritual and cultural hub, even serving as a hospital and almshouse. However, their long tenure came to an end in the late 18th century. In 1798, amidst changing political landscapes and economic pressures, the Dubrovnik Republic, with papal approval, orchestrated the monks' departure and the sale of the island. This forced expulsion gave rise to the enduring legend of the Lokrum curse. Later, in 1859, Archduke Maximilian Ferdinand of Habsburg, then Emperor of Mexico, purchased the island. He built a holiday home and further developed the island's magnificent gardens, introducing peacocks from the Canary Islands, which still roam freely today.

What Makes It Special

Lokrum stands out due to its diverse attractions, seamlessly weaving together natural wonders with historical sites. The island is home to a remarkable botanical garden, established in 1959, which focuses on the introduction and acclimatization of subtropical plants. It boasts an impressive collection of species, including various eucalyptuses, conifers, and a significant cactus collection, highlighting its scientific purpose. Another unique feature is the 'Dead Sea', a small, calm saltwater lake on the southern part of the island. Its high salt content allows for effortless floating, making it a popular spot for relaxation. The island's resident peacocks, descendants of those brought by Maximilian, add an exotic and majestic touch to the landscape, often seen wandering near the monastery ruins. The ruins of the Benedictine monastery themselves, with their Romanesque-Gothic and Renaissance elements, offer a glimpse into centuries of history and provide a mysterious backdrop to the island's natural beauty.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

Perhaps the most captivating local detail is the 'Curse of Lokrum'. Legend has it that as the Benedictine monks were forced to leave the island in the late 18th century, they performed a solemn ritual. Circling the island three times with inverted candles, they cast a curse upon anyone who would claim Lokrum for personal pleasure. This curse is often cited in connection with the tragic fates of subsequent owners, including Maximilian of Habsburg, who was executed, and his nephew, Crown Prince Rudolf, who died in a murder-suicide. Another popular legend claims that Richard the Lionheart was shipwrecked near Lokrum in 1192 while returning from the Third Crusade. He found refuge on the island and vowed to build a church there, though at the citizens' plea, it was built in Dubrovnik instead. Beyond its legends, Lokrum has gained modern fame as a filming location for the popular series 'Game of Thrones', standing in for the city of Qarth. Fans can even find a replica of the Iron Throne within the Benedictine monastery ruins, offering a fun photo opportunity. The name 'Lokrum' itself is thought to derive from the Latin word 'acrumen', meaning 'sour fruit', referencing the citrus trees that have traditionally grown on the island.

Visitor Perspective

Visiting Lokrum Island offers a distinct experience, a refreshing counterpoint to the vibrant energy of Dubrovnik. Regular ferry services depart from Dubrovnik's Old Town port, with the short 10 to 15-minute journey providing scenic views of the city walls. It is crucial to note that Lokrum is a protected nature reserve, and overnight stays are strictly prohibited, with the last ferries returning in the early evening. Visitors should be prepared for walking, as cars are not allowed on the island, and comfortable shoes are recommended to explore its trails and sights. While on the island, you can wander through the botanical gardens, explore the monastery ruins, swim in the clear waters, or float in the unique Dead Sea. Several cafes and restaurants are available for refreshments, though prices might be higher than on the mainland. Remember to bring sunscreen and respect the natural environment, as smoking is generally not permitted, and litter should be carried off the island.