Torii Gates

Discover the monumental Torii Gates of Meiji Shrine in Tokyo, Japan. Learn about their ancient cypress wood, Shinto symbolism, and the spiritual journey they offer.

Overview

Stepping into the grounds of Meiji Jingu, one of Tokyo's most revered Shinto shrines, is an experience marked by the powerful presence of its monumental Torii gates. These impressive structures serve not just as grand entrances but as sacred thresholds, separating the bustling city life from the tranquil, spiritual domain within. The most prominent of these, the Dai-ichi Torii (first great gate), stands as a magnificent testament to traditional Japanese craftsmanship and profound spiritual symbolism, welcoming millions of visitors annually to a sanctuary dedicated to Emperor Meiji and Empress Shoken.

Each Torii gate at Meiji Jingu, particularly the main approach's towering sentinel, acts as a visual and spiritual marker, inviting introspection and reverence. Their sheer scale and the solemnity they evoke set the tone for the journey deeper into the shrine's expansive forest, preparing visitors for the sacred space that lies beyond.

History & Cultural Background

The concept of a Torii gate is deeply rooted in Shintoism, Japan's indigenous religion. These distinctive gates traditionally mark the entrance to a Shinto shrine, signifying the transition from the mundane world (sokukai) to the sacred world of the kami (shinkai). The name "Torii" itself is often associated with the phrase "bird perch," hinting at ancient beliefs connecting birds to the divine.

The original Meiji Jingu Torii gate, completed in 1920 along with the shrine itself, was constructed from a 1,200-year-old Hinoki (Japanese cypress) tree. However, this magnificent structure was tragically destroyed by a lightning strike in 1966. Its current incarnation, the second iteration, was erected in 1975. This colossal gate was built using a 1,500-year-old Hinoki cypress tree sourced from Taiwan's Mount Danda, chosen for its exceptional quality and age. The careful selection and transportation of such a monumental timber underscored the gate's immense cultural and spiritual importance, symbolizing continuity and respect for tradition in the face of nature's power.

What Makes It Special

The main Torii gate of Meiji Jingu holds the distinction of being the largest wooden Torii gate in Japan. Standing approximately 12 meters (39 feet) tall and spanning 17.1 meters (56 feet) wide, its sheer scale is breathtaking. The main pillars alone boast a diameter of 1.2 meters (3.9 feet). Its construction from ancient cypress wood gives it a natural, dignified beauty that perfectly complements the surrounding forest, which is itself an artificial creation dedicated to the shrine.

The gate is an example of the "Myojin-style" Torii, characterized by its slightly curved lintels (kasagi and shimaki) and the presence of supporting pillars (nenuki) that protrude slightly from the main pillars. This elegant design, combined with the natural grain and hue of the cypress, imbues the gate with a powerful yet serene presence. Passing beneath it, visitors tangibly feel the shift in atmosphere, entering a realm where nature, history, and spirituality converge in profound harmony.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

• A Tree's Journey: The Hinoki cypress used for the current main Torii gate was a colossal tree from Taiwan. Transporting this enormous log across the ocean and then to the shrine grounds was a monumental engineering feat, requiring extensive planning and dedication.
• Sacred Boundaries: In Shinto tradition, walking through a Torii gate signifies purification. It is customary to bow once before passing through and again after exiting. Visitors are also often advised to walk slightly to the left or right, avoiding the very center, as the middle path is traditionally reserved for the kami (deities).
• Living Forest: The forest surrounding Meiji Jingu, through which the Torii gates guide visitors, was cultivated from over 100,000 trees donated from all over Japan and overseas, planted during the shrine's construction in the early 20th century. This "eternal forest" is designed to mature over centuries, creating a vibrant, self-sustaining ecosystem that perpetually shields the sacred grounds.
• Symbol of Resilience: The rebuilding of the Torii after the lightning strike symbolizes Japan's enduring spirit and commitment to preserving its cultural and spiritual heritage, even after natural disasters.

Visitor Perspective

For many visitors, passing through the massive Torii gates at Meiji Jingu is the definitive start of their shrine experience. The initial impression is one of awe, as the gate dwarfs human scale and frames the long, gravel path ahead. The sound of the city fades, replaced by the crunch of gravel underfoot and the gentle rustle of leaves from the dense forest canopy. It’s an immediate, palpable transformation from urban chaos to tranquil sanctity.

As you approach and pass through each subsequent Torii gate on the main path, the sense of reverence deepens. These gates act as sequential steps in a spiritual journey, gradually peeling away external distractions and fostering a sense of peace and contemplation. Visitors often feel a strong connection to nature and history here, an understanding of the profound respect the Japanese people hold for their imperial past and spiritual traditions. The Torii gates are not just architectural marvels; they are active participants in creating an unforgettable and deeply meaningful cultural encounter.