Nature Square

Discover Nature Square (Plaça de la Natura) in Park Güell, Barcelona, Spain. Explore Gaudí's mosaic serpentine bench and panoramic city views.

Overview

Nestled within the enchanting landscape of Park Güell in Barcelona, Spain, lies the magnificent Nature Square, known locally as Plaça de la Natura. This expansive, open-air esplanade serves as a central hub within Antoni Gaudí's iconic park, offering visitors a breathtaking convergence of architectural genius and natural beauty. It's not merely a square but a vibrant stage from which to admire panoramic views of Barcelona, stretching to the Mediterranean Sea. The square's most iconic feature, the vibrant, undulating serpentine bench adorned with a mosaic of broken ceramic tiles, invites contemplation and connection, defining its unique character and charm.

Situated above the Hypostyle Room, a colonnaded hall initially conceived as a marketplace, Nature Square is a testament to Gaudí's innovative integration of function and form. It's a place where the urban rhythm of Barcelona meets the tranquil embrace of nature, all designed with Gaudí's distinctive Modernista flair.

History & Cultural Background

The origins of Nature Square date back to the early 20th century, as part of Eusebi Güell's ambitious vision for a 'garden city' — a utopian residential estate for wealthy families on what was then known as Muntanya Pelada (Bare Mountain). Antoni Gaudí was commissioned to design this innovative urbanisation between 1900 and 1914.

Originally, this grand esplanade was envisioned as the 'Greek Theatre', intended to host large open-air shows and cultural events, visible from the surrounding terraces. Though the housing project ultimately proved unsuccessful, with only two of the planned 60 houses being built, the architectural elements, including the square, were completed. After Güell's death in 1918, the family sold the estate to the city of Barcelona, and it officially opened as a municipal park in 1926, the same year of Gaudí's passing. This transformation from a private venture to a public space enshrined Nature Square as a cultural landmark, later recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984.

What Makes It Special

What truly sets Nature Square apart is its remarkable fusion of architecture, art, and nature. Gaudí's profound respect for the natural world is evident in every detail. The square itself is partly carved into the rock and partly supported by the columns of the Hypostyle Room below, demonstrating an ingenious response to the landscape.

The iconic serpentine bench, designed by Josep Maria Jujol under Gaudí's supervision, is a masterpiece of 'trencadís' mosaic work, utilizing fragmented ceramic tiles in a dazzling array of colours. This undulating form isn't just aesthetically pleasing; its ergonomic design creates intimate alcoves, subtly encouraging social interaction while offering comfortable seating for contemplation. Beyond its artistic value, the square also plays a vital functional role, integrating a sophisticated rainwater collection system. Water gathered from the square filters through the columns of the Hypostyle Room into an underground cistern, a testament to Gaudí's sustainable approach to design.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

One fascinating aspect of Nature Square is its ingenious design as a natural drainage system. The entire square acts as a catchment area, directing rainwater through the hollow columns of the Hypostyle Room into a large underground reservoir. This water was then intended for the residential development's supply, showcasing Gaudí's early commitment to sustainable practices.

The serpentine bench, often a canvas for countless photographs, is not just a visual spectacle. Its curvaceous form was said to be inspired by the human body in a relaxed sitting position, creating individual 'seats' that allow for both privacy and shared experience. The 'trencadís' technique, prevalent throughout the park, was a cost-effective and visually stunning method of decoration, often using discarded ceramic and glass fragments from local factories.

Another detail often missed is the view from the square. It offers an unparalleled vista that includes the Sagrada Familia, the Torre Glòries, Montjuïc, and the shimmering Mediterranean Sea, making it a prime spot for appreciating Barcelona's diverse skyline.

Visitor Perspective

For visitors, Nature Square is often the crowning glory of their Park Güell experience. Stepping onto this vast terrace, one is immediately enveloped by a sense of grandeur and playful creativity. The panoramic views are simply spectacular, inviting moments of quiet reflection or enthusiastic photo opportunities. The colourful, ergonomic bench offers a unique resting place, where one can truly soak in the atmosphere, observe the intricate mosaic work up close, and watch the city unfold below.

The square's open design allows for a feeling of spaciousness, a welcome contrast to the more intricate pathways and structures found elsewhere in the park. It's a place where the architectural marvels of Gaudí harmonise with the natural elements, providing a perfect blend of artistic inspiration and serene contemplation. Whether you're marveling at the intricate mosaic, enjoying the sea breeze, or simply people-watching, Nature Square provides a truly memorable and inspiring moment in your Barcelona journey.