Lion Throne Room

Overview

Deep within the National Museum of Myanmar in Yangon lies a treasure of immense historical and cultural significance: the Lion Throne Room. This dedicated space proudly displays the Sihasana, or Lion Throne, a majestic symbol of royal power and the only surviving original throne of the ancient Burmese monarchs. Its presence in the museum offers a rare glimpse into the opulent world of Myanmar's bygone kings and serves as a powerful connection to the nation's rich imperial past.

As the undisputed centerpiece of the museum, the Lion Throne commands attention, drawing visitors into a narrative of sovereignty, tradition, and resilience. It is more than just a piece of furniture; it is a profound artifact that encapsulates centuries of Burmese history, artistry, and political drama.

History & Cultural Background

The Lion Throne, known in Burmese as Sihasana or Thihathana Palin, holds a distinguished place among the eight imperial thrones used by Burmese monarchs. Each of these thrones served a specific ceremonial function, but the Lion Throne was paramount, embodying the very essence of sovereignty and kingship.

Constructed during the Konbaung dynasty, specifically around 1816 under King Bodawpaya, the throne was crafted from local Yamanay wood and meticulously gilded, reflecting the grandeur and artistic prowess of the era. It was a central fixture in the Hluttaw Hall, or the Hall of Council of Ministers, within the royal palace.

Historically, the Lion Throne was used for crucial judicial affairs, royal assemblies, receiving foreign envoys, and issuing royal decrees. Its fate, however, was dramatically altered with the Third Anglo-Burmese War in 1885. Following the fall of King Thibaw, the last Burmese monarch, the Lion Throne was transported to India, becoming an exhibit in the Indian Museum in Kolkata for over six decades. It was finally repatriated to newly independent Burma in 1948, a symbolic return of national heritage.

What Makes It Special

What truly sets the Lion Throne apart is its remarkable survival. Of the eight distinct imperial thrones that once graced the Burmese royal court, the Sihasana is the only one that exists today. The other seven were tragically destroyed by fire during the Allied bombing of Burma in World War II, making this gilded masterpiece an irreplaceable relic.

Its intricate craftsmanship is another aspect of its special appeal. Made from Yamanay wood and lavishly gilded, the throne is a testament to the skill of Burmese artisans. Symbolically, the lion ('Sihasana') represents power, fearlessness, and royal status, deeply rooted in Buddhist traditions where the lion throne is also a conventional seat for the Buddha. The throne features symbolic elements like peacock figurines, representing the sun, and a hare figurine, representing the moon, alluding to the belief that Burmese kings descended from solar and lunar dynasties.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

The ceremonial life of the Lion Throne was steeped in elaborate court protocol. It was an exclusive seat, occupied by the king only three times a year: at the beginning of the Burmese New Year, and at the commencement and conclusion of the Buddhist Lent. These occasions underscored both royal authority and deep religious devotion.

An interesting protocol surrounded those presenting gifts to the king: they first had to seek permission, then touch the throne with their right hand—the left being considered inferior—before offering their gift. This detail highlights the reverence and strict etiquette associated with this sacred symbol of power.

The return of the Lion Throne to Myanmar in 1948 was a momentous occasion, symbolizing the nation's regained independence. Lord Mountbatten, then Governor-General of India, formally returned the Thihathana Palin to Myanmar's first president, Sao Shwe Thaik, marking a poignant moment in the country's post-colonial history. Its journey back, initially delayed by the challenges of disassembling the grand structure, further adds to its unique story.

Visitor Perspective

For a curious traveler, stepping into the Lion Throne Room is an immersive experience. The sheer scale and intricate detail of the gilded throne evoke a sense of awe and connection to Myanmar's royal heritage. Standing before it, one can almost envision the ancient kings presiding over their court, making crucial decisions that shaped the nation's destiny.

The room provides a quiet space for reflection on the ebb and flow of history, from imperial glory to colonial upheaval and eventual independence. While photographs of the throne itself might sometimes be restricted, the vivid impression it leaves is lasting, making it an unforgettable highlight of any visit to the National Museum of Myanmar.