French Paintings

Overview

Nestled in the heart of Copenhagen, the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek is a treasure trove of art, and its French Paintings collection stands as a vibrant testament to 19th and early 20th-century French artistic innovation. This impressive sub-spot within the broader museum houses Denmark's largest collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist art, drawing visitors into a world of colour, light, and profound human emotion. Here, you will encounter masterpieces by renowned artists such as Paul Gauguin, Edgar Degas, Claude Monet, Édouard Manet, Paul Cézanne, Vincent van Gogh, and many others.

The collection extends beyond paintings to include significant French sculptures, notably works by Auguste Rodin and a complete set of Edgar Degas' bronzes, making it a comprehensive exploration of a pivotal era in art history.

History & Cultural Background

The foundation of the French Paintings collection, and indeed the entire Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, lies in the vision of Carl Jacobsen, the son of the founder of Carlsberg Breweries. A passionate art collector and patron, Jacobsen believed deeply that art should be accessible to everyone, capable of enriching and beautifying lives. His personal collection of 19th-century French and Danish art pieces formed the core of what would become the Glyptotek, which opened its doors to the public in 1897.

Jacobsen's dedication to collecting French art was pioneering, profoundly influencing the taste for such works in Denmark at the end of the 19th century. The collection was initially housed in the museum's original Dahlerup building, a magnificent structure designed to create a beautiful and calming setting for art appreciation.

What Makes It Special

The French Paintings collection at the Glyptotek is distinguished by several exceptional holdings. Perhaps most notable is its world-renowned collection of works by Paul Gauguin, comprising over 40 pieces that span his entire artistic journey from Paris to Tahiti. This includes not only his celebrated paintings but also ceramics and significant graphic works, offering a rare glimpse into the breadth of his experimental practice.

Another unparalleled highlight is the museum's complete set of Edgar Degas' 72 bronze sculptures. These bronzes were posthumously cast from the wax figures Degas created primarily as studies of movement. The Glyptotek is one of only a few museums worldwide to possess such a comprehensive collection. Complementing these are Degas' paintings, like 'Dancers Practicing in the Foyer' and 'Jockeys,' which reveal his innovative approach to capturing fleeting moments.

Beyond these two giants, the collection boasts an extensive array of French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist masterpieces. Visitors can immerse themselves in the vibrant palettes of Claude Monet, the expressive forms of Paul Cézanne, and the intimate portrayals by Édouard Manet, Berthe Morisot, and Camille Pissarro. Earlier 19th-century French art is also well represented, featuring works by Camille Corot, Théodore Rousseau, and Gustave Courbet, showcasing the artistic transitions that led to Impressionism. The strong presence of Auguste Rodin's sculptures, considered one of the largest collections outside France, further enriches the French art experience.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

Carl Jacobsen's unique philosophy shaped the Glyptotek. He intended for art to speak directly to the individual, free from overly academic interpretations, fostering a personal connection with each piece. This emotional approach still resonates throughout the museum today.

Paul Gauguin's time in Copenhagen, albeit challenging, left its mark. His Danish wife, Mette Gad, played a crucial role in managing his artistic estate, and some of his early works, including winter scenes of Copenhagen, are part of the collection, offering a poignant connection to the city. Recent acquisitions, such as Gauguin's rare hand-coloured lithograph 'The Grasshoppers and the Ants – A Memory from Martinique', continue to expand the depth of this world-class collection.

A fascinating story also surrounds Edgar Degas' painting 'Dancers Practicing in the Foyer'. Recent high-tech analysis and research have revealed new insights into its creation and dating, showcasing the ongoing scholarly engagement with the collection. Moreover, the museum's Winter Garden, with its tropical plants and serene atmosphere, is a masterpiece in itself and houses Antonin Mercié's poignant sculpture 'Gloria Victis', commissioned by Jacobsen. This work, commemorating the fallen in the Franco-Prussian War, subtly underscores a historical link between France and Denmark.

Visitor Perspective

A visit to the French Paintings section of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek is designed as a contemplative journey. The galleries, often spread across multiple floors, invite visitors to take a leisurely stroll, encouraging a deep appreciation for each artwork. The museum’s layout and thoughtful presentation allow for an intimate encounter with some of the most revolutionary art of the 19th century, in contrast to the often crowded major galleries in larger cities. Photography is generally permitted, allowing travelers to capture their favourite moments and works. The entire experience is curated to be aesthetically pleasing and intellectually stimulating, embodying Carl Jacobsen’s founding principle that art should inspire and enrich the human spirit.