Courtyards

Explore the unique Courtyards of Casa Milà (La Pedrera) in Barcelona, Spain. Discover Gaudí's innovative design for light, ventilation, and natural beauty.

Overview

Nestled within Antoni Gaudí's iconic Casa Milà, affectionately known as La Pedrera, in the vibrant heart of Barcelona, Spain, lie its innovative 'Courtyards'. More than mere lightwells, these two distinct interior spaces — one elliptical, one circular — are central to Gaudí's revolutionary architectural vision. They serve as luminous lungs, drawing natural light and fresh air deep into every corner of the building, transforming what could have been dark, conventional interiors into bright, breathable living spaces. These courtyards are a testament to Gaudí's masterful blend of functionality, natural aesthetics, and structural ingenuity, making them a captivating focal point for any visitor exploring this UNESCO World Heritage site.

History & Cultural Background

Commissioned by the wealthy industrialist Pere Milà and his wife Roser Segimon, Casa Milà was constructed between 1906 and 1912, marking one of Gaudí's last major civil works before he dedicated his life to the Sagrada Família. During this period, architectural norms often relegated interior courtyards to small, utilitarian shafts for ventilation, primarily serving kitchens and bathrooms. Gaudí, however, dared to redefine this concept. He envisioned grand, open courtyards as integral structural and aesthetic elements. By employing a column-based structure rather than traditional load-bearing walls, Gaudí achieved unparalleled freedom in designing the interior layout and, crucially, in integrating these expansive courtyards. This innovative approach allowed him to prioritize natural light, ventilation, and a harmonious connection with nature, reflecting his core design principles and breaking away from the architectural styles of his time.

What Makes It Special

The courtyards of Casa Milà are a riot of shapes, light, and colours, evolving beyond mere utilitarian spaces into works of art. There are two main courtyards: the larger, elliptical courtyard is accessible from Carrer de Provença, while the circular courtyard is entered from Passeig de Gràcia. From the moment you step inside, the sense of an open, airy structure is palpable. One particularly striking feature is the 'floating' bridge staircase in the elliptical courtyard, which connects the mezzanine to the main floor, creating an illusion of weightlessness thanks to its iron support structure. The interior façades of these courtyards are far from plain; they are adorned with large windows, intricate window grilles, and vibrant oil paintings. These murals, often depicting floral and natural motifs, burst with colour and life, especially when illuminated by the daylight pouring in from above. Gaudí treated these internal axes with the same importance as the building's exterior façade, ensuring every detail contributed to a cohesive, naturalistic aesthetic.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

• The 'Butterfly' and 'Flower' Courtyards: Locally, these courtyards have earned affectionate nicknames. The elliptical courtyard, with its organic shapes and sense of movement, is sometimes referred to as the 'Butterfly Courtyard'. The circular courtyard, with its colourful murals of flowers and vegetation, is known as the 'Flower Courtyard'. These names beautifully capture the natural inspiration woven into Gaudí's design.
• Nature's Embrace: Gaudí believed that 'the great book, always open and which we should make an effort to read, is that of Nature.' The courtyards are a direct manifestation of this philosophy, mimicking natural forms and functions to create an environment that feels alive and organic. The interplay of light and shadow within these spaces constantly changes, reflecting the shifting patterns of the sky.
• Anticipating Modern Architecture: Gaudí's innovative use of an open floor plan and the elimination of load-bearing walls, facilitated by the column structure and large courtyards, remarkably anticipated architectural concepts that would become common decades later. This foresight underlines his genius and his status as a pioneer.

Visitor Perspective

Visiting the courtyards of Casa Milà offers a truly immersive experience into Gaudí's architectural mind. As you stand at the base and gaze upward, the sheer scale and the intricate details of the internal façades become apparent, illustrating how Gaudí conceived architecture as a cohesive whole, rather than just an exterior shell. Conversely, looking down into the courtyards from the upper floors or the famous rooftop provides a different, equally inspiring perspective, revealing the seamless integration of these spaces with the rest of the building. The courtyards are included in the general admission to Casa Milà, allowing ample time to appreciate their artistic and functional brilliance. Many visitors find themselves spending a considerable amount of time admiring the forms, colours, and the unique light that bathes these inner sanctuaries, making them one of the most photographed areas within La Pedrera, second only to the rooftop.