Barracks

Overview

Nestled within the distinctive star-shaped fortress of Kastellet in Copenhagen, Denmark, stand the historic barracks, known in Danish as 'Stokkene' or 'The Rows'. These long, red-hued buildings are a central feature of one of Northern Europe's best-preserved citadels. While Kastellet itself functions as both an active military area and a cherished public park, the barracks offer a tangible link to centuries of Danish military history and life. Visitors can walk alongside these imposing structures, gaining a sense of the daily lives of soldiers from bygone eras, even as the buildings continue to serve the Danish Defence today.

History & Cultural Background

The construction of Kastellet, and by extension its barracks, began in the 17th century. King Christian IV initiated the original fortifications in 1626, with the more extensive star-shaped citadel being further developed under King Frederik III. The Dutch military engineer Henrik Rüse was instrumental in rebuilding and extending the fortification after a Swedish siege in the 1650s, completing it around 1664. The Rows, comprising six two-storey terraces, were specifically designed by Henrik Rüse to house the soldiers stationed at the citadel. Initially, these dormitories were quite spartan, measuring about four by four meters and containing two triple beds, a small table, and two benches. Over time, the barracks played a significant role in Danish military history, serving as a base for the Danish army during the 19th century and even being occupied by German forces during World War II. Today, they are still an active military facility, housing offices for various branches of the Danish Defence, including the Defence Intelligence Service and the Home Guard.

What Makes It Special

The Barracks at Kastellet are remarkable for their historical integrity and continued function. Unlike many historical military structures that have been converted entirely for civilian use, these barracks remain an integral part of Denmark's active military establishment. Their distinctive red brick façades contribute significantly to Kastellet's unique aesthetic, creating a visually striking contrast against the green ramparts and blue skies. The original design by Henrik Rüse, intended for soldier accommodation, offers a rare glimpse into 17th-century military living arrangements. While the Mansard roofs seen today were added later in 1768, the underlying structure retains its historical essence. This blend of past and present, where ancient military architecture still serves a modern defense purpose, imbues the Barracks with a profound sense of continuity and authenticity.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

The Barracks, or 'Stokkene', once bore individual names, such as General Stock, Artillery Stock, Star Stock, Elephant Stock, Swan Stock, and Fortuna Stock, each reflecting their specific occupants or characteristics. These names evoke a vivid image of the structured military community that once thrived within Kastellet's walls. A fascinating detail from the past concerns the prison located behind the Citadel Church, which was built in 1725. Remarkably, holes were made in the wall between the church and the prison cells, allowing prisoners to follow the church services – a poignant blend of discipline and spiritual access. Although the barracks themselves are generally closed to the public, their imposing presence and the stories they hold are an essential part of the Kastellet experience, connecting visitors to the lives of countless soldiers who passed through these grounds.

Visitor Perspective

For the curious traveler, encountering the Barracks at Kastellet is an experience steeped in history. While the buildings themselves are not typically open for internal tours due to their ongoing military use, their external appearance and the surrounding environment provide ample opportunity for reflection. Walking along the cobblestone paths and observing these well-preserved structures allows one to appreciate the scale and permanence of this ancient fortification. The sense of peace within Kastellet, despite its military function, makes it a popular spot for leisurely strolls, offering a quiet escape from the urban bustle of Copenhagen. The barracks, alongside other historic buildings like the Commander's House and the Citadel Church, contribute to the captivating atmosphere of Kastellet, making it a living museum that constantly reminds visitors of Denmark's rich past.