Upper Cascade Platform

Overview

The Cascade Complex in Yerevan, Armenia, is far more than just a monumental staircase; it is a grand architectural masterpiece that seamlessly blends art, history, and urban design. Connecting the city's central district with the higher Monument neighborhood, it serves as a vibrant public space and an open-air museum. Within this expansive complex, the Upper Cascade Platform stands out as a pinnacle, offering not only a spectacular vantage point but also a significant historical landmark. Often referred to as the Monumental Terrace, this upper level is a crucial part of the Cascade's design, providing a sense of achievement to those who ascend its many steps and a breathtaking panorama of Yerevan.

This multi-tiered structure, crafted primarily from white travertine stone, is adorned with intricate fountains, sculptures, and meticulously manicured gardens at each level. The entire complex stretches approximately 302 meters in length, with a width of 50 meters, culminating at a height of 118 meters above its base. The Upper Cascade Platform marks one of the highest accessible points, providing an unparalleled view that includes the sprawling cityscape, the Opera House, and, on clear days, the majestic peak of Mount Ararat in the distance.

History & Cultural Background

The vision for a grand cascade connecting different parts of Yerevan dates back to the 1920s, first conceptualized by the renowned architect Alexander Tamanyan as part of his master plan for the city. Tamanyan envisioned a system of terraced gardens and waterfalls that would integrate Yerevan's natural topography with its urban development.

However, the project remained largely dormant until the 1970s when architects Jim Torosyan, Sargis Gurzadyan, and Aslan Mkhitaryan revived and adapted the concept. Construction began in 1976, aiming to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Soviet power in Armenia, and continued into the 1980s. Tragically, the 1988 Spitak earthquake and the subsequent collapse of the Soviet Union brought construction to a halt, leaving the complex unfinished for over a decade.

A new chapter began in 2002 when Armenian-American businessman and philanthropist Gerard Cafesjian initiated the restoration and completion of the Cascade. His vision transformed the complex into a world-class art center, now known as the Cafesjian Center for the Arts, which officially opened in 2009. This revitalization effort not only completed the architectural marvel but also infused it with a vibrant cultural purpose, showcasing contemporary art both indoors and outdoors.

What Makes It Special

The Upper Cascade Platform, also known as the Monumental Terrace, holds a unique place within the Cascade Complex. At this elevated level, visitors encounter the 56-meter high obelisk named 'Revived Armenia,' which was erected in 1971 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Soviet rule in Armenia. This monument is adorned with symbols from Urartian Armenia and features a sun disk at its base, an important sign of ancient Armenian iconography representing eternity.

The entire Cascade complex is built with a deep reverence for Armenian heritage. Ornamental carvings on the walls and fountains feature national symbols and motifs, such as grapevines, pomegranates, and khachkars (cross-stones), drawing inspiration from Urartian and medieval Armenian art. A remarkable aspect of its design is that no sculpture, ornament, or composition is repeated throughout the entire structure, making each level and viewpoint a distinct experience.

From the Upper Cascade Platform, the expansive views are truly what make it special. Visitors are treated to an unobstructed panorama of Yerevan's distinct pink tuff buildings, stretching towards the horizon. On a clear day, the snow-capped peak of Mount Ararat, a powerful symbol of Armenia, dominates the distant skyline, creating an iconic backdrop to the bustling city below.

Stories, Fun Facts & Local Details

Locally, the complex is simply known as 'The Cascade.' The name itself harkens back to Soviet times when an old cascade with a small waterfall and colorful fish mosaics existed on the site. While the modern structure is far grander, the essence of cascading water remains a central theme with numerous fountains on each terrace.

The Cascade features a total of 572 steps from its base to the top, a significant climb that rewards visitors with increasingly impressive views at every stage. For those who prefer a less strenuous ascent, the complex cleverly incorporates a series of escalators hidden within the structure, making it accessible to all. These escalators also provide access to the Cafesjian Center for the Arts' indoor galleries, showcasing an impressive collection of contemporary art.

The Cafesjian Sculpture Park at the base of the Cascade and along its terraces displays works by internationally renowned artists such as Fernando Botero and Lynn Chadwick, turning the entire complex into a dynamic outdoor art exhibition. It's a place where you can encounter whimsical and thought-provoking pieces amidst the architectural grandeur. The area around the Cascade is always lively, with cafes, restaurants, and often hosts open-air concerts and cultural events, making it a true cultural hub for locals and tourists alike.

Visitor Perspective

Visiting the Upper Cascade Platform is an immersive journey. Whether you choose to ascend the exterior steps, taking in the intricate details of the fountains and sculptures at each landing, or utilize the convenient indoor escalators that also serve as entryways to the art center, the experience is designed to engage all senses. As you climb, the sounds of the city gradually recede, replaced by the gentle murmur of flowing water and the occasional strains of live music from street performers.

Reaching the Upper Cascade Platform provides a profound sense of accomplishment and an unforgettable visual reward. It's a prime location for photography, especially during sunset, when the city's tufa stone glows with a warm, pink hue and the distant Mount Ararat is often bathed in golden light. The blend of ancient Armenian motifs, Soviet-era architectural ambition, and modern art creates a unique atmosphere where history and contemporary life intertwine. It’s a place where one can pause, reflect, and appreciate Yerevan's vibrant spirit and its breathtaking natural surroundings.